ICS Part-I Computer Basics of IT | Short Question Answer. The following questions and answers are very important from Chapter No.1 of ICS Part-I | 1st Year, Computer Science, for the final examinations of all Boards of Punjab
as well as Pakistan:
Chapter No.1: Basics of Information Technology
Short Questions and Answers
Q.1: Define Information Technology?
Answer:
Information Technology is the branch of
computer science which deals with telecommunication. The technology developed
by combining computing with high-speed telecommunication links for carrying
data in the form of text, sound, images, videos, etc. is called information technology.
Q.2: Differentiate data and information?
Answer:
Data is a collection of facts. It is a raw material
of information. The meaning conveyed by processed data is called Information.
Q.3: Define data processing?
Answer:
Manipulation of data so that it becomes meaningful
and useful is called data processing. It is also called computing.
Q.4: What is meant by the global village?
Answer:
Global Village means the entire world and its
inhabitants. This term suggests that information technology has “shrunk”
the world. The world has become a “village” in which all people know each other
as if they are living in a village.
Q.5: What is digital convergence?
Answer:
The integration of technologies and products
of communications, entertainment, and publishing industries with the help of IT
is called digital convergence.
Q.6: What are four elements of data
processing system?
Answer:
The four elements of the data processing system
include input, storage, processing, and output of data.
Q.7: Differentiate between hardware and
software?
Answer:
By conventions, the machine (physical parts
of computer) is called hardware whereas a program(s) is known as software which
is used to perform a specific task.
Q.8: Define System Software?
Answer:
System Software is used to control the usage and
allocation of different hardware components and enables the other
application programs to execute. Examples of system software are operating
systems, utility programs, and device drivers, etc.
Q.9: What is application software?
Answer:
Application software is the software that
has been developed to solve a specific problem or to provide audio, video, or
multimedia entertainment to the users. It may be categorized as under:
Custom-Built
Packaged
Q.10: Differentiate between custom-built and
packaged software?
Answer:
Custom-built software that is designed and
developed for a specific customer e.g. software for pharmacy or shopping center.
Packaged software is the kind of off-the-shelf
programs or components, designed and developed for the general public to sell, e.g.
MS Word, MS Excel, Adobe and Oracle, etc.
Q.11: What is indirect input?
Answer:
In indirect input, the data is entered after
intermediate handling. The most commonly used indirect input devices are the keyboard and pointing devices.
Q.12: What is direct input?
Answer:
In direct input, the data is entered directly
into the computer system from the source. Devices used for direct input are
called source data entry devices. The most commonly used direct input devices are
scanning devices, microphones, and digital cameras.
Q.13: What is the keyboard layout?
Answer:
The keyboard layout means the order/sequence of keys on the
keyboard is called the keyboard layout. There are many types of keyboard layouts
e.g. QWERTY and Dvorak and etc.
Q.14: Define the Numeric Keypad of the keyboard?
Answer:
A numeric keypad functions like a calculator. It has
arithmetic operator keys +, -, *, and / that are used in arithmetic operations. The Numeric Keypad also has an extra Enter (Return) Key and Num Lock key.
Q.15: Define Enter Key?
Answer:
The Enter key is used to enter a command or input data in the
computer using text editors and word processors. It is also called the Return key.
Q.16: What are the Function Keys?
Answer:
Function Keys from F1 to F12 perform special functions.
Their functions depend on the software which is being used on the computer.
Q.17: What are Ctrl and Alt keys?
Answer:
Ctrl and Alt keys are always used in combination with other
keys to execute special functions or commands. The use of these keys also
depends upon the application software.
Q.18: Differentiate between Backspace and Del keys?
Answer:
The Backspace key is used to delete the single character from the
left side of the cursor on the screen whereas the Del key is used to delete the single-character from the right side of the cursor.
Q.19: What are Arrow Keys?
Answer:
Arrow Keys are also known as Navigation Keys, Cursor Control
Keys. These are used to move the cursor Left, Right, Up, and Down on the screen.
Q.20: What is a cursor?
Answer:
The cursor is the flashing indicator on the screen that shows where the next character will be inserted.
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