Table and Query -
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important and more conceptual short questions with their answers of Computer,
ICS Part II Chapter No.6: Table and Query, for the examinations & entry tests for
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Chapter No.6
Table and Query
Short Questions & Answers
Q.1: What are the characteristics of tables?
Answer:
The table of a relational database have the following characteristics:
- Each cell of the table contains only one value
- The order of rows and columns is immaterial
- Each row represents a record
- Each row is distinct; there are no duplicate rows
Q.2: What is the degree of a table / relation?
Answer:
The number of fields in a relation is called the degree of a table/relation. Once the table has been created, its degree usually does not change, e.g., a table with five fields has a degree of five.
Q.3: What is the cardinality of a table/relation?
Answer:
The number of records in a table/relation is called the cardinality of the table/relation. The cardinality of a relation changes as a new record is added or existing record is deleted, e.g., a table with 50 records has a cardinality of 50.
Q.4: Differentiate between design view and
datasheet view?
Answer:
Design view is used to create the structure of a relation. It provides the tools for creating fields in a table/relation.
Datasheet view allows updating, editing, or deleting information from a table/relation.
Q.5: What is MS Access IDE?
Answer:
IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is an interface that is used to create a database. It simplifies the tasks of creating, designing good-looking screens with features. It provides the facilities for search, sorting, and retrieving the data.
Q.6: How to create table in design view?
Answer:
Follow the below steps to create the table in design view:
- Double-click on “Create table in design view”.
- Under the Field Name column, enter the name of the field.
- Under the Data Type column, select the data type for the current field.
- Under the Description column, enter the text that describes the field (this is an optional field).
Q.7: What is data type?
Answer:
Data type specifies which type of value a field has and what type of operations (e.g., mathematical, relational or logical) can be applied to it without causing an error.
Q.8: What is text data type?
Answer:
The default type, text type allows any combination of letters and numbers up to a maximum of 255 characters per field record.
Q.9: What is memo data type?
Answer:
A text type that can store more than 64,000 characters and is used for detailed descriptive fields.
Q.10: What is number data type?
Answer:
The number data type is used to store numbers that are used in mathematical calculations.
Q.11: What is date/time data type?
Answer:
A date, time or combination of both can be specified in the field.
Q.12: What is a currency field?
Answer:
Monetary values that can be set up to automatically include a dollar sign ($) and correct decimal and comma positions.
Q.13: What is AutoNumber data type?
Answer:
When a new record is created, Access will automatically assign a unique integer to the record in this filed. By default, its increment value is one, however, it can be changed as per requirement.
Q.14: What is Yes/No data type?
Answer:
Yes/No data type is used for True/False, Yes/No, On/Off, or other values that must be only one of two.
Q.15: What is OLE data type?
Answer:
An OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) object is a sound, picture, or any other object such as MS Word, MS Excel that is created in another program. It links an OLE object to the object in the database.
Q.16: What is Hyperlink data type?
Answer:
A hyperlink will link to a website, or another location in the database. A hyperlink address has up to four parts.
Q.17: What is the purpose to create indexes?
Answer:
Creating indexes allow access to query and sort records faster. To set an indexed field, select a field that is commonly searched and change the indexed property to Yes.
Q.18: What is meant by “Field Validation Rule”?
Answer:
It specifies criteria for the data entered in worksheet. A customized message can be displayed to the user when data that violates the rule is entered.
Q.19: What is Input Mask?
Answer:
It controls the value of a record and sets it in a specific format. They are similar to the format property, but instead display the format on the datasheet before the data is entered.
Q.20: What is Primary Key and how to apply primary
key in MS Access?
Answer:
Every record in a table must have a Primary Key that differentiates it from other records in the table. Designate the primary key field by right-clicking on the field and selecting the primary key from the shortcut menu or select Edit|Primary Key from the menu bar.
Q.21: What is meant by Freezing Columns?
Answer:
This is helpful if the datasheet has many columns and relevant data would otherwise not appear on the screen at the same time. Freeze a column by placing the cursor in any record in the column and select Format|Freeze Columns from eh menu bar.
Q.22: Differentiate between relationships and join?
Answer:
Relationships are really at the center of Relational Database Design for obvious reasons. Relationship is a dynamic, flexible way to combine data from multiple tables for analysis.
Joins are used for combining fields from two tables by using values common to each. These are used only when absolutely need to link and opens in a new window.
Q.23: What is referential integrity?
Answer:
A referential integrity is a rule that states that if there is a foreign key in one relation, either each foreign key value must match a primary key value in the other relation or the foreign key value must be null.
Q.24: Differentiate between sorting and filtering?
Answer:
Sorting a database means arranging the records in a table in a different order than they appear such as sorting by date or in alphabetical order.
Filtering is a useful way to see only the data that you want to display in database. Filters are used to display specific records from a report, table, or query.
Q.25: Differentiate between Filter by Selection
and Filter by Form?
Answer:
Filter by Selection: This feature will filter records that contain identical data values in a given filed such as filtering out all the records that have the value “Lahore” in a City field.
Filter by Form: This way is used if the table is large and difficult to find the record that contains the value you would like to filter. This method creates a blank version that enable with drop-down menus for each filed each menu contains the values found in the records of the field.
Q.26: What are queries?
Answer:
Queries mean question or inquires. Queries select records from one or more tables in a database; these selected records can be viewed, analyzed, and sort3ed on a common datasheet. The resulting collection of records, called a dynaset.
Q.27: What is a select query?
Answer:
A select query gathers, collates and represents information in usable forms. It retrieves data from one or more tables and displays the results in a datasheet where you can update the records.
Q.28: What is an action query?
Answer:
An action query makes changes in specified records of an existing table, or creates a new table. There are four types of action queries i.e. create query, delete query, update query, and append query.
Q.29: What is a create query?
Answer:
Create query is used to create databases or table involves naming the table and defining its columns and each column's data type.
Q.30: What is an append query?
Answer:
An append query adds a group of records from one or more tables to the end of one or more tables.
Q.31: What is crosstab query?
Answer:
Crosstab query is used to calculate and restructure data for easier analysis of data. These calculate a sum, average, count, or other type of computation for data.
Q.32: What is a parametric query?
Answer:
A parametric query is a query that when run displays its own dialog box prompting for information. These are also used as the basis for forms and reports.
Q.33: What are wildcards?
Answer:
Wildcards offer a way of setting criteria based on patterns or partial word rather than exact matches. For example, the criterion A* specify a name beginning with the letter A.
Q.34: Differentiate between wildcard operators (? and
*)?
Answer:
The question mark (?) is a wildcard that takes the place of a single letter. The asterisk (*) is the wildcard that represents a number of characters.
Q.35: How to find duplicate values in the table?
Answer:
Duplicate query is used to filter out records in a single table that contain duplicate values in a field.
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