Basics of IT, Question and Answer. This is the 5th post about 1st Year | ICS Part-I Computer Science Chapter No.1: (Basics of Information Technology) | Short Questions and Answers.
The following objective questions (short questions and answers) are important for the final examinations of all Boards of Pakistan:
Chapter No.1: Basics of Information Technology
Short Questions and Answers - 5
Q.1: Differentiate between flatbed and drum plotter?
Answer:
A flatbed plotter has a paper lying flat
on table-like surface. The bed size varies according to the need. One to four
color pens move across the paper.
Drum plotter works like a flatbed plotter
with the difference that the paper is mounted over a drum enabling a continuous
output. Typical usage is to track an earthquake reading.
Q.2: Differentiate between bit and byte?
Answer:
The binary number 1 or 0 is called a bit
(Binary Digit), which is the basic unit for storing data in the computer
memory.
A byte is a combination of 8-bits, that
can store a single character of data. the capacity of the memory or the storage
is expressed in terms of the number of bytes it can hold or store.
Q.3: What is meant by the term “WORD”?
Answer:
Word is the size of a register, is defined
as the number of bits that constitute a common unit of data. it varies from
computer to computer. Generally, the larger the word, the more powerful is the
computer. Normally 4-bytes are equal to 1-Word in the microcomputer.
Q.4: Define the terms “system”?
Answer:
It is a combination of some related
components that interact with each other to perform some specific tasks.
Q.5: Write components of the system?
Answer:
- Hardware
- Software
- People / users
- Data / information
- Communication setup
Q.6: What is SDLC?
Answer:
SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is
an organized way to develop a successful system. It involves several distinct
phases.
Q.7: Define logical design?
Answer:
It describes the general functional
capabilities of the proposed system. It reviews the system requirements and
considers the major system components.
Q.8: Define physical design?
Answer:
It describes how a proposed system will
deliver the general capabilities described in the logical design. It will
address the following points: input/output requirements, storage requirements,
processing requirements, and system control and backup/recovery.
Q.9: What is coding?
Answer:
This is the core area of the system
development process. It consists of writing the segments, which will be coupled
together in the shape of a complete system. It needs a lot of time, effort, and
budget to acquire a workable system.
Q.10: Differentiate between unit-testing
and system-testing?
Answer:
Unit-Testing: It is also called
modular testing where individual modules can be tested using test data.
System-Testing: In this, parts or
modules are linked together to test their workability as one system. Actual
or erroneous data can be used to check whether the system fails or not.
Q.11: Differentiate between direct
implementation and parallel implementation?
Answer:
Direct Implementation: In this way,
the users start using the new system right away and stop working on the old
one.
Parallel Implementation: Using the
approach, the new and old systems are used side by side until it is felt that
the new system is quite reliable.
Q.12: Differentiate between Phased
implementation and Pilot implementation?
Answer:
Phased Implementation: In this
approach, parts of the system are implemented from time to time until the whole system is implemented.
Pilot Implementation: This type of implementation allows to implement the complete system but to a selected group
of users or selected departments.
Q.13: Which type of implementation is most
preferred?
Answer:
Pilot and phased implementations are the
most favored and popular approaches to implement the system. Phased
approach is preferable for organizations where different types of functions
carried out whereas Pilot approach is preferred where almost the same
type of work is going on in the organization.
Q.14: Define user training?
Answer:
User training means how to use/operate
the system. A variety of methods/tools are used to do so i.e. instruction
manual, video/CD and lectures, etc. It may be conducted “in-house” or it may be
“contracted-out”.
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